Table of contents
Setup a Local Only SMTP Email Server (Linux, Unix, Mac)
curl
curl --url 'smtp://smtp.gmail.com:587' \
--ssl-reqd \
--mail-from 'your-email@gmail.com' \
--mail-rcpt 'recipient-email@example.com' \
--upload-file mail.txt \
--user 'your-email@gmail.com:your-email-password' \
--insecure \
--verbose
Detailed Explanation of Options
--url 'smtp://smtp.gmail.com:587':- Specify the SMTP server and port to connect to. Gmail uses smtp.gmail.com on port 587.
--ssl-reqd:- Enforces SSL/TLS encryption.
--mail-from 'your-email@gmail.com':- The sender’s email address.
--mail-rcpt 'recipient-email@example.com':- The recipient’s email address. You can specify multiple recipients by using multiple –mail-rcpt options.
--upload-file mail.txt:- Specify the file that contains the email’s content. This file should include the email headers and body.
--user 'your-email@gmail.com:your-email-password':- The SMTP server authentication details in the format username:password.
--insecure:- Allows connections to SSL sites without certificates. Remove this if you want to enforce certificate validation.
--verbose:- Provides detailed information about the curl operation.
with attachment
curl --url 'smtp://smtp.gmail.com:587' \
--ssl-reqd \
--mail-from 'your-email@gmail.com' \
--mail-rcpt 'recipient-email@example.com' \
--user 'your-email@gmail.com:your-email-password' \
--upload-file mime-email.txt \
--insecure \
--verbose
- mem-email.txt
From: your-email@gmail.com To: recipient-email@example.com Subject: Test Email with Attachment MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="simple boundary" --simple boundary Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii This is the body of the email. --simple boundary Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="attachment.txt" This is the content of the attachment. --simple boundary--
mailx
Install on Debian/Ubuntu
apt-get install postfix
Alternatively, without the bloat of postfix
apt-get install heirloom-mailx
Install on Redhat/Centos
yum install mailx
Command
cat mysqldbbackup.sql | mailx backup@email.com
mailx -a backup.sql -a grants.sql backup@email.com
Newer versions of mailx support -a flag for attachments!
Script Example
#!/bin/bash
# Email details
TO="recipient@example.com"
SUBJECT="Test Email with Attachment"
FROM="sender@example.com"
BODY="This is the plain text body of the email"
HTML_BODY="<html><body><h1>This is the HTML body</h1></body></html>"
ATTACHMENT="file.txt"
# Send the email
echo "$BODY" | mailx -a "Content-Type: text/html" -s "$SUBJECT" -a "From: $FROM" $TO -A $ATTACHMENT
Mutt
Install on Debian/Ubuntu
apt-get install mutt
Install on Redhat/Centos
yum install mutt
Command
echo "This is the message body" | mutt -a "/path/to/file.to.attach" -s "subject of message" -- recipient@example.com
uuencode and mail
This sends the uuencoded part inline and not as an attachment. Many mail-clients recognize this though and display the uuencoded part as an
attachment. Don’t use uuencode when other alternatives use
MIME.
Command
gzip -c ldiff.sql | uuencode mysqldbbackup.sql.gz | mail -s "Ldiff from openldap" backup@example.com
Mpack
Install Debian/Ubuntu
apt-get install mpack
Command
mpack -s subject /dev/stdin loser@example.com < file
Sendemail.pl
- http://caspian.dotconf.net/menu/Software/SendEmail/
Command
sendemail -f mandatory@email.com-t to@some.one -m "Here are your files!" -a file1.jpg file2.zip
Swaks
Install Debian/Ubuntu
Swaks is an smtp of CURL, install it first:
curl http://www.jetmore.org/john/code/swaks/files/swaks-20130209.0/swaks -o swaks
Set the permissions for the script so you can run it
chmod +x swaks
It’s based on perl, so install perl
sudo apt-get -y install perl
- apt-get install swaks
Command
swaks -tls \
--to ${MAIL_TO} \
--from ${MAIL_FROM} \
--server ${MAIL_SERVER} \
--auth LOGIN \
--auth-user ${MAIL_USER} \
--auth-password ${MAIL_PASSWORD} \
--header "Subject: $MAIL_SUBJECT" \
--header "Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8" \
--body "$MESSAGE" \
--attach mysqldbbackup.sql
Bash Script
- Uses HTML file
- Uses an inline Image for an HTML file and attachment
Bash Script With Attachments
```shell #!/bin/bash swaks -f sender@gmail.com --auth \ --server smtp.sendgrid.net:587 \ --au apikey \ --ap 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 \ --to receiver@gmail.com \ --header "Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8" \ --attach-type text/html \ --attach-body @../EmailTemplate/EmailTemplate.html \ --h-From: '"bob" <bob@gmail.com>' \ --h-Subject: "Subject" \ --add-header "Content-ID: inlineImage.png" \ --attach-name "inlineImage.png" \ --attach-type image/png \ --attach @../EmailTemplate/inlineImage.png ```Telnet
First, you need to find out the SMTP server address for the domain. Let’s find out the SMTP server address for gmail.com
Goto MS Dos prompt and type
nslookupcommand.
> set q=mx
> gmail.com
Non-authoritative answer:
gmail.com MX preference = 30, mail exchanger =
gmail.com MX preference = 20, mail exchanger = alt2.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com
gmail.com MX preference = 5, mail exchanger = gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com
gmail.com MX preference = 10, mail exchanger = alt1.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com
gmail.com MX preference = 40, mail exchanger = alt4.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com
Now connect to gmail SMTP server with Telnet by typing the following command on the command prompt.
telnet alt3.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com 25
220 mx.google.com ESMTP t15si14936218ibf.58
helo kathir
250 mx.google.com at your service
mail from: <kathirusa@yahoo.com>
250 2.1.0 OK t15si14936218ibf.58
rcpt to: <kathircpp@gmail.com>
250 2.1.5 OK t15si14936218ibf.58
data
354 Go ahead t15si14936218ibf.58
from: kathir
to: kathir
subject: hi from kathir
This is for testing
.
250 2.0.0 OK 1287958967 t15si14936218ibf.58
Sending Email with a MIME Boundary
MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) boundaries
BOUNDARY: This is a unique string that acts as a boundary between different parts of the email content.Each section is separated by
--BOUNDARY,
and
the end of the email is indicated with--BOUNDARY--.Multipart/alternative: This allows sending both plain text andHTMLversions of the email so that the email client can choose which one to
display.Content-Type: This specifies the type of content in each part.text/plainfor plain text andtext/htmlforHTML.Content-Type:multipart/mixed: This specifies that the email contains multiple parts (like text and attachments).base64: Converts the file into abase64string for safe transmission via email.Content-Disposition: attachment: Marks the part of the email as an attachment.
Sendmail
Example 1
```shell #!/bin/bash to="any@email.com" from="your@email.com" boundary=$(uuidgen -t) body_boundary=$(uuidgen -t) now=$(date +"%a, %d %b %Y %T %z") sendmail -t << EOF2 From: ${from} To: ${to} Date: ${now} Subject: This is a test multipart message MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="${boundary}" --${boundary} Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="${body_boundary}" --${body_boundary} Content-type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 This is a text message. --> Here am going to incorporate text version --${body_boundary} Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Content-Disposition: inline <!DOCTYPE html>Hello, This is a html version. --> here am going to incorporate html version Regards...--${body_boundary}-- --${boundary}-- EOF2 sc=$? echo "sedmail rc=${rc}" ``` </details>